To direct sow Cosmos seeds outdoors, wait until after the last frost date when soil temperatures have warmed to at least 60°F, usually in late May to early June in Zone 5. Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil and prepare the bed by loosening the soil and incorporating organic matter. Scatter the seeds evenly over the soil surface, then lightly press them in or cover with a thin layer of soil, about 1/4 inch deep. Water gently to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and keep an eye on the area as seeds typically germinate within 7 to 14 days.

To encourage more blooms on Cosmos, provide consistent care throughout the growing season. Ensure they receive full sun, with at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily, and keep the soil well-drained. Regularly deadhead spent blooms to promote continuous flowering and prevent the plants from going to seed too early. Apply a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer every 4-6 weeks to support healthy growth and blooming. Cosmos generally don’t require staking, but if you’re growing taller varieties, use stakes or supports to keep the stems upright and prevent them from flopping over. Water regularly but avoid overwatering, as Cosmos prefer moderate moisture levels.